Search results for "Optic tract"

showing 5 items of 5 documents

Surgically verified variations in the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery

1991

✓ Two patients with rare variations of the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery are presented. One patient had a perforation of the optic tract by an abnormal course of the A1 segment, and the other harbored an aneurysm of the A1 segment running below the optic nerve. The authors present a summary of A1 segment variations described in the literature.

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyOptic tractBrain Neoplasmsbusiness.industryEye diseasePerforation (oil well)Intracranial AneurysmCerebral ArteriesSubarachnoid Hemorrhagemedicine.diseaseSurgeryCraniopharyngiomaAneurysmmedicine.arterymedicineOptic nerveAnterior cerebral arteryHumansbusinessJournal of Neurosurgery
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Electrophysiological Investigations of Retinogeniculate and Corticogeniculate Synapse Function

2019

The lateral geniculate nucleus is the first relay station for the visual information. Relay neurons of this thalamic nucleus integrate input from retinal ganglion cells and project it to the visual cortex. In addition, relay neurons receive top-down excitation from the cortex. The two main excitatory inputs to the relay neurons differ in several aspects. Each relay neuron receives input from only a few retinogeniculate synapses, which are large terminals with many release sites. This is reflected by the comparably strong excitation, the relay neurons receive, from retinal ganglion cells. Corticogeniculate synapses, in contrast, are simpler with few release sites and weaker synaptic strength…

Cerebral CortexGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyOptic tractChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral NeuroscienceLateral geniculate nucleusRetinal ganglionGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySynapseMiceElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureVisual cortexSynapsesmedicineExcitatory postsynaptic potentialAnimalsVisual PathwaysNeuronNeuroscienceJournal of Visualized Experiments
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Alterations in the spontaneous activity of cells in the guinea pig pineal gland and visual system produced by pineal indoles

1982

The indoles serotonin (SER), melatonin (MEL), 5-methoxytryptophol (5-MTL) and 5-hydroxytryptophol (5-HTL) were administered during daytime microelectrophoretically to 240 cells in the pineal gland of the guniea-pig. The action of SER and 5-HTL was predominantly depressant on the electrical activity, MEL and 5-MTL caused an excitation in most of the units. Although MEL and 5-MTL caused fairly similar reactions on average, they appear to act on different cells. The effects of microelectrophoretically applied MEL and 5-MTL on the spontaneous or evoked activity in the visual system (retinal ganglion cells, optic tract, lateral lateral geniculate body, superior colliculus) of the guinea-pig were…

MaleSerotoninmedicine.medical_specialtyIndolesgenetic structuresOptic tractGuinea PigsVisual systemBiologyPineal GlandSynaptic TransmissionRetinal ganglionRetinaPinealocytePineal glandInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsVisual PathwaysBiological PsychiatryMelatoninNeuronsRetinaSuperior colliculusGeniculate BodiesNeural InhibitionOptic NervePsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyNeurologyHydroxytryptopholOptic nerveNeurology (clinical)psychological phenomena and processesJournal of Neural Transmission
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Demonstration of retinal afferents in the RCS rat, with reference to the retinohypothalamic projection and suprachiasmatic nucleus.

1995

In the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat, characterized by inherited retinal dystrophy, retinal projections to the brain were studied using anterograde neuronal transport of cholera toxin B subunit upon injection into one eye. The respective immunoreactivity was found predominantly contralateral to the injection site in the lateral geniculate nucleus, superior colliculus, nucleus of the optic tract, medial terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract, and bilateral hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei. Although terminal density was somewhat reduced in dystrophic rats, the projection patterns in these animals appeared similar to those seen in their congenic controls and were comparable to …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyCholera ToxinHistologyOptic tractHypothalamusBiologyLateral geniculate nucleusRetinaPathology and Forensic MedicineInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsNeuropeptide YNeuronal transportRetinaAfferent PathwaysSuprachiasmatic nucleusSuperior colliculusRetinal DegenerationGeniculate BodiesRats Inbred StrainsCell BiologyRatsEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureHypothalamusFemaleSuprachiasmatic NucleusRetinohypothalamic tractVasoactive Intestinal PeptideCell and tissue research
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Afferents to the red nucleus in the lizardPodarcis hispanica: Putative pathways for visuomotor integration

1999

The afferents to the red nucleus from visual and nonvisual forebrain centers have been investigated in the lizard Podarcis hispanica by using both retrograde and anterograde transport of tracers. Because the red nucleus constitutes a key structure in the limb premotor system, these sensory afferents probably are involved in visuomotor and other forms of sensorimotor integration. After tracer injections aimed at the red nucleus, retrograde labeling was found in the reticular thalamus, the subthalamus, the nucleus of the posterior commissure, as well as in two retinorecipient nuclei, namely, the ventral lateral and pretectal geniculate nuclei, where labeled cells are especially abundant. Thes…

biologyOptic tractRed nucleusGeneral NeuroscienceThalamusSubthalamusAnatomybiology.organism_classificationPodarcis hispanicaAnterograde tracingmedicine.anatomical_structureGeniculatemedicinePretectal areaNeuroscienceThe Journal of Comparative Neurology
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